Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa
Using MDG 7.C to benchmark progress towards achieving SDG 6
2015
2000
2005
2010
Indicator
Goal
Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (%)
Drinking water
Proportion of population practising open defecation (%)
Sanitation and hygiene
12.0
16.8
15.2
13.5
Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services (%)
Proportion of population with basic handwashing facilities on premises (%)
13.9
13.6
Proportion of safely treated domestic wastewater flows (%)
Wastewater treatment
Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality (%)
35.5 (2017)
Proportion of groundwater bodies with good ambient water quality (%)
42.2 (2017)
Water-use efficiency (US$/cm 3 )
Water-use efficiency
10.9
Water stress
Freshwater withdrawals as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%)
10.5
53.0 (2017)
Degree of integrated water resources management (IWRM) implementation (%)
Water resources management
59 981 Thousands Kenya
Source: UNSD 2019.
Population growth (thousands)
Institutional and legal framework
Response
Basic elements
47 878
Institutional framework
13 576 19 877 27 768 36 625
• Ministry of Water and Irrigation • Water Services Trust Fund (WSTF) • National Water Conservation and Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) • Water Services Boards (WSBs)
Presence of an enabling institutional framework for sustainable water, wastewater and sanitation development and services
projections
1975 Source: UN-Desa 2019.
1985 1995 2005 2015 2025
• Water Services Regulatory Board (Wasreb)
Presence of a functional water regulator
Wastewater management Recent data on wastewater management are lacking. However, historical data show that in 2010, 27 treatment plants were operating with a capacity of 125 millionm³/year of treated wastewater (FAO 2018).
• Public Private Partnership Unit (PPPU) – established as a Special Purpose Unit within the National Treasury of the Republic of Kenya
Environment for private sector participation
• Public Private Partnership (PPP) Act, 2013 • Public Private Partnership Regulations, 2014
• Water (Water Service Levy) Regulations, 2008 (Cap. 372)
Water pricing facility
Legal, policy and strategy frameworks
Water and sanitation provision
Kenya
• Water (Services Regulatory) Rules, 2012 (L.N. No. 137 of 2012) • National Water Master Plan 2030 (NWMP) • National Water Services Strategy (NWSS) • National Water Policy, 1999
Current enabling policies
Access to at least basic services
Percentage of population
Progress towards MDG target
Met target
Limited or no progress
Moderate progress Good progress
2015 1990
Inadequate data
• Water Act, 2016 (No. 43 of 2016) • Kenya Water Institute Act, 2001 (Cap. 372A)
Current enabling laws
• Machakos County Water and Sanitation Act, 2014 (No. 1 of 2014) • Kiambu County Water and Sanitation Act, 2015 (No. 2A of 2015) • Meru Water and Sewerage Services Registered Trustees Regulations, 2002 (L.N. No. 58 of 2002) • City of Nairobi (Water Supply) By-laws, 1974 • Water (Water Services Board) (Variation of Limits of Supply) Order, 2008 (L.N. No. 68 of 2008)
Drinking water
Good progress
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %
0
National Rural Urban National Rural Urban
Sanitation
Limited or no progress
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %
Sources: FAO, 2016; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) 2011; World Bank 2018b; World Bank 2018c.
Source: WHO and UNICEF 2015.
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SANITATION AND WASTEWATER ATLAS OF AFRICA
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