Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa

Using MDG 7.C to benchmark progress towards achieving SDG 6

2015

2000

2005

2010

Indicator

Goal

Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (%)

Drinking water

Proportion of population practising open defecation (%)

Sanitation and hygiene

12.0

16.8

15.2

13.5

Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services (%)

Proportion of population with basic handwashing facilities on premises (%)

13.9

13.6

Proportion of safely treated domestic wastewater flows (%)

Wastewater treatment

Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality (%)

35.5 (2017)

Proportion of groundwater bodies with good ambient water quality (%)

42.2 (2017)

Water-use efficiency (US$/cm 3 )

Water-use efficiency

10.9

Water stress

Freshwater withdrawals as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%)

10.5

53.0 (2017)

Degree of integrated water resources management (IWRM) implementation (%)

Water resources management

59 981 Thousands Kenya

Source: UNSD 2019.

Population growth (thousands)

Institutional and legal framework

Response

Basic elements

47 878

Institutional framework

13 576 19 877 27 768 36 625

• Ministry of Water and Irrigation • Water Services Trust Fund (WSTF) • National Water Conservation and Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) • Water Services Boards (WSBs)

Presence of an enabling institutional framework for sustainable water, wastewater and sanitation development and services

projections

1975 Source: UN-Desa 2019.

1985 1995 2005 2015 2025

• Water Services Regulatory Board (Wasreb)

Presence of a functional water regulator

Wastewater management Recent data on wastewater management are lacking. However, historical data show that in 2010, 27 treatment plants were operating with a capacity of 125 millionm³/year of treated wastewater (FAO 2018).

• Public Private Partnership Unit (PPPU) – established as a Special Purpose Unit within the National Treasury of the Republic of Kenya

Environment for private sector participation

• Public Private Partnership (PPP) Act, 2013 • Public Private Partnership Regulations, 2014

• Water (Water Service Levy) Regulations, 2008 (Cap. 372)

Water pricing facility

Legal, policy and strategy frameworks

Water and sanitation provision

Kenya

• Water (Services Regulatory) Rules, 2012 (L.N. No. 137 of 2012) • National Water Master Plan 2030 (NWMP) • National Water Services Strategy (NWSS) • National Water Policy, 1999

Current enabling policies

Access to at least basic services

Percentage of population

Progress towards MDG target

Met target

Limited or no progress

Moderate progress Good progress

2015 1990

Inadequate data

• Water Act, 2016 (No. 43 of 2016) • Kenya Water Institute Act, 2001 (Cap. 372A)

Current enabling laws

• Machakos County Water and Sanitation Act, 2014 (No. 1 of 2014) • Kiambu County Water and Sanitation Act, 2015 (No. 2A of 2015) • Meru Water and Sewerage Services Registered Trustees Regulations, 2002 (L.N. No. 58 of 2002) • City of Nairobi (Water Supply) By-laws, 1974 • Water (Water Services Board) (Variation of Limits of Supply) Order, 2008 (L.N. No. 68 of 2008)

Drinking water

Good progress

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %

0

National Rural Urban National Rural Urban

Sanitation

Limited or no progress

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %

Sources: FAO, 2016; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) 2011; World Bank 2018b; World Bank 2018c.

Source: WHO and UNICEF 2015.

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SANITATION AND WASTEWATER ATLAS OF AFRICA