Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa

Using MDG 7.C to benchmark progress towards achieving SDG 6

2000

2005

2010

2015

Indicator

Goal

Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (%)

Drinking water

15.8

19.0

22.7

26.8

Proportion of population practising open defecation (%)

Sanitation and hygiene

21.8

20.8

19.7

18.7

Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services (%)

Proportion of population with basic handwashing facilities on premises (%)

10.1

12.5

15.6

18.9

Proportion of safely treated domestic wastewater flows (%)

Wastewater treatment

Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality (%)

Proportion of groundwater bodies with good ambient water quality (%)

Water-use efficiency (US$/cm 3 )

Water-use efficiency

18.0

Water stress

Freshwater withdrawals as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%)

1.9

Degree of integrated water resources management (IWRM) implementation (%)

49.0 (2017)

Water resources management

Population growth Thousands Ghana

Source: UNSD 2019.

Population growth (thousands)

Institutional and legal framework

34 409

Response

Basic elements

27 849

Institutional framework

9 986 12 784 117 014 21 815

• Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing • Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development • Water Resources Commission • Community Water and Sanitation Agency • Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies • Ghana Water Company Limited

Presence of an enabling institutional framework for sustainable water, wastewater and sanitation development and services

projections

1975 Source: UN-Desa 2019.

1985 1995 2005 2015 2025

• Public Utilities Regulatory Commission, 1997

Presence of a functional water regulator

Wastewater management Recent data on wastewater management are lacking. Available data show that 0.28 million m 3 /year of municipal wastewater was produced in 2006 and that 0.028 million m 3 /year was collected and 0.022 million m 3 /year treated in the same year (FAO 2018).

• National Policy on Public Private Partnerships, June 2011 • Draft Public Private Partnerships Bill No. 2, 2013, not yet adopted • Public-private partnerships in Ghana are supported by the Public Private Partnership Advisory Unit in the Public Investment Division of the Ministry of Finance

Environment for private sector participation

• Published under section 19 of the Public Utilities Regulatory Commission Act, 1997

Water pricing facility

Legal, policy and strategy frameworks

Water and sanitation provision

Ghana

• National Water Policy, 2007 • National Community Water Supply and Sanitation Programme

Current enabling policies

Access to at least basic services

Percentage of population

Progress towards MDG target

• Community Water and Sanitation Agency Act, 1998 • Water Resources Commission Act, 1996 • Ghana Water and Sewerage Corporation Act, 1965

Current enabling laws

Met target

Limited or no progress

Moderate progress Good progress

2015 1990

Inadequate data

Sources: FAO 2016; USAID 2010b; World Bank 2018b; World Bank 2018c.

Drinking water

Met target

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %

0

National Rural Urban National Rural Urban

Sanitation

Limited or no progress

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %

Source: WHO and UNICEF 2015.

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SANITATION AND WASTEWATER ATLAS OF AFRICA