Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa

Water use, 2016 Algeria Percentage Water use, 2016 Ethiopia Percentage

Ethiopia

Water resources Ethiopia has an annual rainfall of 848 mm, ranging from 100 mm/year in the Afar lowlands in the northeast to 2,000 mm/year in certain areas in the southwest (AMCOW 2018; FAO 2016). The country’s aqueduct water stress for all sectors measured in 2010 was 0.81 and is projected to decrease to 0.66 by 2040 (Luo et al. 2015). A score of 0.66 indicates that there is low competition among water users relative to available surface-water resources. Ethiopia is one of few countries where water stress is expected to decrease according to the Luo, Young and Reig index. This may be due to improvements in water resources management, increased water storage, and the implementation of water conservation strategies. In 2016, water withdrawals for agriculture accounted for 91.8 per cent of total water withdrawals (AMCOW 2018).

Municipal 8

Industry 6

92

Agriculture

Municipal

Agriculture

31

63

Source: AMCOW 2018.

Source: AMCOW 2018. Water availability ETHIOPIA Water availability ETHIOPIA

m 3 /person and year m 3 /person and year

Total renewable freshwater Total water withdrawal Internal renewable water sources of which are surface water Total renewable freshwater Total water withdrawal Internal renewable water sources of which are surface water

1 230 106 1 230 106

1 230 1 210 no data available 201 no data available 8.6% 1 230 1 210 no data available 201 no data available 8.6%

pressure on surface water pressure on surface water

of which are groundwater of which are groundwater

pressure on groundwater pressure on groundwater

Water stress Water stress

Addis Ababa

Source: AMCOW 2018; FAO 2018. Source: AMCOW 2018; FAO 2018.

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SANITATION AND WASTEWATER ATLAS OF AFRICA