Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa

Using MDG 7.C to benchmark progress towards achieving SDG 6

2000

2005

2010

2015

Indicator

Goal

Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (%)

Drinking water

Proportion of population practising open defecation (%)

Sanitation and hygiene

21.2

19.4

17.9

16.9

Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services (%)

Proportion of population with basic handwashing facilities on premises (%)

Proportion of safely treated domestic wastewater flows (%)

Wastewater treatment

Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality (%)

50 (2017)

Proportion of groundwater bodies with good ambient water quality (%)

7.69 (2017)

Water-use efficiency (US$/cm 3 )

Water-use efficiency

74.3

Water stress

Freshwater withdrawals as a proportion of available freshwater resources (%)

1.7

41 (2017)

Degree of integrated water resources management (IWRM) implementation (%)

Water resources management

Population growth Thousands Botswana

Source: UNSD 2019.

Population growth (thousands)

Institutional and legal framework

1 070 1 469 2 121 1 799 2 568

Response

Basic elements

Institutional framework

• Ministry of Minerals, Energy andWater Resources • Department of Water Affairs • Department of Waste Management and Pollution Control • Department of Geological Surveys • Water Utilities Corporation (WUC), responsible for water supply and wastewater treatment

Presence of an enabling institutional framework for sustainable water, wastewater and sanitation development and services

1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 741 projections

Source: UN-Desa 2019.

• Botswana Energy andWater Regulatory Agency • Water Resources Board

Presence of a functional water regulator

Wastewater management There is a dearth of recent data regarding wastewater management. Available data show that the amount of municipal wastewater produced in 1990 was 0.011 (109/m 3 /year) and that 0.008 (109/ m 3 /year) was treated in 1999 (FAO 2018).

• OKACOM, established in 1994 following an agreement with Angola and Namibia • Limpopo River Basin Commission, 2003 • Zambezi Watercourse Commission, 2004 • Protocol on SharedWatercourses in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), 2000

Level of participation in transboundary water infrastructure and institutional arrangements

• Public-Private Partnership Policy and Implementation Framework, 2009

Environment for private sector participation

Water and sanitation provision

Botswana

Legal, policy and strategy frameworks

Access to at least basic services

• National Water Master Plan, 1991 • National Water Master Plan Review, 2006 • National Water Policy, 2012 • IntegratedWater Resources Management andWater Efficiency Plan 2013–2030

Current enabling policies

Percentage of population

Progress towards MDG target

Met target

Limited or no progress

1990 2015

Moderate progress Good progress

Inadequate data

• Water Utilities Corporation Act (Chapter 74:02), 1970 • Water Act, 1968

Current enabling laws

Drinking water

Met target

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %

0

• Boreholes Act, 1956 • Waterworks Act, 1962 • Town Council (Public Sewers) Regulations • Mines and Minerals Act

National Rural Urban National Rural Urban

Sanitation

Good progress

Sources: Dikobe 2013; FAO 2016; WUC 2015.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %

Source: WHO and UNICEF 2015.

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SANITATION AND WASTEWATER ATLAS OF AFRICA