Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa

Water use, 2016 Algeria Percentage Water use, 2016 Angola Percentage

Angola

Water resources On average Angola receives annual rainfall of 1,010 mm/year (AMCOW 2018). The north has two rainy seasons, while the arid south has one (FAO 2016). Water availability is 5,750 m 3 /year per person (AMCOW 2018). The aqueduct water stress for all sectors measured in 2010 was 1.13 and is projected to increase to 1.21 by 2040 (Luo et al. 2015). A score of 1.21 indicates that there is low to medium competition among water users relative to available surface-water resources. Unlike most African countries, Angola’s agricultural water withdrawals as a proportion of total water withdrawals is less than municipal or industrial usage. This could partly be attributed to the effects of neglect of the agricultural sector arising from the civil war between 1975 and 2002. By 2018, 50 per cent of the population was employed in the agriculture sector, whose value added contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) was 10 per cent in 2017, though this has been slowly increasing over the years (World Bank 2018). Rebuilding the agricultural sector is a priority for creating employment opportunities and increasing competitiveness.

Agriculture

21

Industry 6

34

Industry

Municipal

45

Municipal

Agriculture

31

63

Source: AMCOW 2018.

Source: AMCOW 2018. Water availability Angola Water availability Angola

m 3 /person and year m 3 /person and year

Total renewable freshwater Total water withdrawal Internal renewable water sources of which are surface water Total renewable freshwater Total water withdrawal Internal renewable water sources of which are surface water

5 750 27.7 5 750 27.7

5 740 5 620 no data available 2 250 no data available 0.40% 5 740 5 620 no data available 2 250 no data available 0.40%

pressure on surface water pressure on surface water

of which are groundwater of which are groundwater

pressure on groundwater pressure on groundwater

Water stress Water stress

Luanda

Source: AMCOW 2018; FAO 2018. Source: AMCOW 2018; FAO 2018.

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SANITATION AND WASTEWATER ATLAS OF AFRICA