City-Level Decoupling-Full Report

Figure 2.3 Water flow (litres / day) for a new upper income detached home in New Delhi, India 20

Direct precipitation

Aquifer (reserve)

Ground water

1030

0

280

273

624

406

Sources

90 90 60 60 50 30

Roof & cistern

Mixed supply

Water purifier

Converters

406

11

455

220

182

624

Toilets

KitchenPersonal hygiene

Piped Irrigation

Landscape Amenities

Drinking Laundry Vehicle Cleaning

Surface cleaning

Cooling System

Demands

240

90

60

285

50

11

60

30

220

30

Re-converters

11

Gray water Reclaimer

Septic tank

30 30 50 60

150

240

220 285

624

Sinks

Sewage treatment plant

Air (evaporation)

Ground

60

261

989

Source: World Bank 2010

and sinks: the converter technologies (water tank on roof, water purifier), the demand technologies (from the toilet to the washing machine), and the reconverter technologies (septic tank to grey water reclaimer). Replacing these converter and reconverter technologies with connections to the city’s water and sanitation grids will have very different impacts on the sources and sinks on which a household is dependent. The same

an urban infrastructure system: sources, converters, demands, reconverters, and sinks. This is illustrated using a simplistic example in the Sankey diagram for a sustainable water system in a New Delhi home (Figure 2.3). A diagram like this helps to identify the opportunities for reconfiguring three distinct sets of technologies that affect both sources

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