State of the Rainforest 2014

Illegal logging and log laundering

Country A

Country B

Getting "cross border permits" through bribes

Cutting

Re-importing

Illegal cutting

Smuggling

Transport

Protected area

Milling

Hacking to obtain false road transport or logging permits

Mixing illegal timber with legal local timber

Concession

Exporting

Getting "permits" through bribes

Cutting wider along road corridors

Cutting down in and around palm oil plantations

Underreporting actual capacity and production in mills with a modest legal production

Fake documents certifying production from plantations

Cutting down in and around palm oil plantations

Cutting beyond concessions

Exporting

Processing roundwood into paper, chips or paper before exporting, making traceability very difficult or impossible

Plantation

Illegal operation

Laundering operation

Source: UNEP, INTERPOL, Green Carbon, Black Trade: Illegal Logging, Tax Fraud and Laundering in the Worlds Tropical Forests, 2013; Personal communication with Dr. Christian Nelleman, GRID-Arendal

Legal operation

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STATE OF THE RAINFOREST 2014