The Environmental Crime Crisis

Ten ways to conduct illegal logging

Cattle ranching and soy production

Agricultural expansion by small-scale farmers

Logging with forged or re-used permits

Logging in conflict zones

Obtaining logging permits illegally

Ignore laws and regulations

Logging in excess of permit or concession quotas

Logging without regular concession

Unprotected area

Logging concession

Bribing local officers and police

Use of violence to access and clear cut the area

Widening road corridors, mining or other felling without a permit

Establishing, expanding and cutting beyond plantation

Logging in protected areas

Protected area

Biofuel plantation

Report and declare false figures

Source: Personal communication with Christian Nellemann, UNEP/GRID-Arendal

Figure 10: Ten ways to conduct illegal logging.

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