Vital Caspian Graphics - Challenges Beyond Caviar

Caspian seals fight for survival

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The Caspian seal ( Phoca caspica ) population has decreased dramatically in recent years. Several fac- tors have contributed to this alarming trend. A virus killed large numbers of seals. Although no direct link has been proved between the virus and environ- mental pollution, it may be assumed that the high concentrations of DDT and heavy metals measured in the seals weakened the animals’ natural resist- ance. Moreover kilka, the seals’ main source of nu- trition, have been decimated by the comb jelly, fur- ther aggravating the seals’ predicament. Intensive navigation, poaching with the pretence of scien- tific research, fluctuations in sea level and climatic changes are also contributing to the drop in the seal population and threatening their survival. Higher winter temperatures, possibly related to changes in global climate observed in recent years, have caused thinner ice coverage and restricted the traditional reproduction grounds in the shallow waters of the northern Caspian. Recent research by the Caspian Environment Programme estimates the number of living seals to be as low as 110,000. A further re- duction in ice cover could well be one of the major threats facing the Caspian seal in the future.

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