The State of the Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Environment

Water Directive (with implications for coastal waters and land- based pollution) and the ICZM Recommendation.

development of The Convention on the Conservation of Euro- pean Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention) dealing with biodiversity preservation and the European Landscape Convention which has implications for the management of the coastal zone.

Besides the directives and recommendations issued by the Eu- ropean Commission the Council of Europe has also fostered the

Action Plans for the conservation and/or management of endangered or threatened species 1 and sensitive seascapes

Action Plan for Coralligenous and other Calcareous Bio-Concretions 8

Action Plan for Marine Vegetation 5

Action Plan for Cartilaginous Fishes 7

Action Plan for Bird Species 6

Action Plan for the Monk Seal 2

Action Plan for Marine Turtles 3

Action Plan for Cetaceans 4

Issues covered

Coastal ecosystems and landscapes Pollution Eutrophication Marine litter Marine noise Non-indigenous species Commercially exploited fish and shellfish Seafloor integrity Hydrographical conditions Marine food webs Biodiversity

1. Including, but not limited to, the species listed as endangered or threatened in Annex II of the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas (SPAs) and Biological Diversity in the Mediterranean 2. Action Plan for the Management of the Mediterranean Monk Seal ( Monachus monachus ) 3. Action Plan for the Conservation of Mediterranean Marine Turtles 4. Action Plan for the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea 5. Action Plan for the Conservation of Marine Vegetation in the Mediterranean Sea 6. Action Plan for the Conservation of Bird Species Listed in Annex II of the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas (SPAs) and Biological Diversity in the Mediterranean 7. Action Plan for the Conservation of Cartilaginous Fishes ( Chondricthyans ) in the Mediterranean Sea 8. Action Plan for the Conservation of the Coralligenous and other Calcareous Bio-Concretions in the Mediterranean Sea

Bern Convention 2 Other Regional agreements

Regional and international regulatory bodies

European Land- scapeConvention

Issues covered

Issues covered

ACCOBAMS 1

ICCAT 2

GFCM 1

Coastal ecosystems and landscapes Pollution Eutrophication Marine litter Marine noise Non-indigenous species Commercially exploited fish and shellfish Seafloor integrity Hydrographical conditions Marine food webs Biodiversity

Coastal ecosystems and landscapes Pollution Eutrophication Marine litter Marine noise Non-indigenous species Commercially exploited fish and shellfish Seafloor integrity Hydrographical conditions Marine food webs Biodiversity

1. FAO General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean 2. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas

1. Special Agreement for the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic area (under the Bonn Convention) 2. The Convention on the Conservation of EuropeanWildlife and Natural Habitats

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STATE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENT