The State of the Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Environment

First page Table of contents Next page Last page

Foreword	7
Preface	9
Summary for Policy Makers	11
PART 1 Introduction to the Mediterranean Basin	15
The Ecosystem Approach to the Management of Human Activities	17
The Mediterranean Basin and its Waters	19
The Human Mediterranean Basin	26
PART 2 Human Pressure, State and Impacts on Mediterranean Ecosystems	37
Coastal Ecosystems and Landscapes	39
Pollution	41
Eutrophication	51
Marine Litter	54
Marine Noise	55
Non-indigenous Species	56
Commercially Exploited Fish and Shellfish	58
Sea-floor Integrity	61
Hydrographic Conditions	62
Marine Food Webs	63
Biodiversity	64
Cumulative and Concurrent Impacts	68
PART 3 Regulatory Framework, Major Findings and Gaps and Next Steps in the Ecosystem Approach	71
Regional and Global Governance and Regulatory Instruments	73
Major Findings on the Pressures and State of the Mediterranean Sea Environment	84
Gap Analysis	85
Next Steps in the Application of the Ecosystem Approach	86
Annex: List of endangered or threatened species	88
References	90

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