The Rise of Environmental Crime: A Growing Threat to Natural Resources, Peace, Development and Security

White collar environmental crimes The links of environmental crimes to money laundering, hacking, fraud and tax evasion by transnational organized criminal networks The heavier transnational organized criminal networks, experienced in white collar crimes also – have embraced environmental crimes as an emerging black market with low risks and high profits. The crimes related to natural resources, waste and wildlife include tax fraud, double counting, transfer mispricing, money laundering, internet crimes and hacking, phishing/identity theft, securities fraud, financial crimes, and fraudulently reclaim carbon credits, as shown by some of the many examples inves- tigated by INTERPOL and EUROPOL in recent years.

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Ndrangheta (Italy)

Ndrangheta (Italy)

Solntsevskaya Bratva

Solntsevskaya Bratva

Camorra (It ly) Camorra (Italy)

8.5 8.5

Camorra (Italy)

8.5

Yamaguchi Gumi Yamaguchi Gumi

64 Figure 11: Examples of organized crime groups. Solntsevskaya Ndrangheta (Italy) Thousands of organized criminal groups Examples of major organized crime groups Solntsevskaya Bratva Camorra Ndrangheta (Italy) Thousands of organized criminal groups Examples of major organized crime groups 4.9 4.5 4.9 4.5 4.9 4.5

Yamaguchi Gumi

6.6 6.6

6.6

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