The Rise of Environmental Crime: A Growing Threat to Natural Resources, Peace, Development and Security

with shark fins in Ecuador (2012); containers with protected timber in Panama and Ecuador (2012); containers with stuffed animals (lioness, zebra, different deer) in Senegal (2012); sea cucumbers, sea horses and Teca rolliza in Ecuador; 5 containers with Guayacan wood, rosewood Dalbergia retusa and Madera tecas in Panama (2012); six tons of ivory in Malaysia and Togo (2013); 5 containers of rosewood Dalbergia retusa (2013) in Panama; 10 containers of rosewood Dalbergia retusa in Panama (2014); 3815 kg ivory, 55 kg pangolin and 266 teak logs in Togo (2014); container with 37,298 kg AKMA Refrigerant Gas R-22 (Chloro-difuoromethane) ozone depleting substances in Pakistan in 2014; 5 containers with sea cucumbers, Balsamo sp. and Cocobolo in Panama (2015); 1 container with R22 in Paraguay (2015); 1,023 kg ivory and 4 tons of pangolin scales in Vietnam (2015); 3 containers with ozone depleting substances in Ghana (2016) and 3 containers with Red Sandalwood in Malaysia (2016). 57

sharing and is the vital communication component of the CCP. The Programme grants the system for free to all the PCUs, CCP trainers and experts, relevant agencies and organizations and WCO members, both in the developed and developing world. This communication platform has the potential to be the pathway for port-to-port communica- tion on illicit trade at global level. Seizures include not only counterfeits and drugs, but also wildlife and timber products, and ozone depleting substances. On 23 and 29 January 2014 for example, two containers were seized in Lome, Togo. They contained 3.8 tonnes of ivory and 266 teak logs. The seizures also led to arrests. INTERPOL with support from various bilateral partners and UNODC and WCO, were able to alert authorities in Malaysia, Vietnam and China of this and other shipments in transit. Seizures have included a variety of environmental contraband: containers

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