Reindeer Husbandry and Barents 2030

longer and plant production increase. Temperatures will likely become more favorable for parasites and dis- eases (Post and Stenseth 1999, Cornelissen et al . 2001, Kumpula and Colpaert 2003, Gautestad et al . 2005, Ce- brian et al . 2008, Helle and Kojola 2008, Moen 2008). Reindeer herders continuously adapt to new changes, ranging from socio-economic to climatic changes.

Their resilience, vulnerability and ability to adapt is strongly influenced by the extent to which they can move reindeer freely across the landscape as condi- tions change. Encroachment of their ranges, such as by infrastructure development, is therefore a key fac- tor in their ability to adapt (UNEP, 2001; UNEP/EEA, 2004; Tyler et al ., 2006).

Figure 8. Climate-induced changes to arctic tundra are projected to cause vegetation zones to shift significantly northward, reducing the area of tundra and the traditional forage for these herds. Freeze-thaw cycles and freez- ing rain are also projected to increase. These changes will have significant implications for the ability of reindeer populations to find suitable grazing conditions and accessibility to undeveloped areas will become critical for the ability of herders to adapt to a changing climate (ACIA, 2004; Tyler et al., 2006)

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