Mining for Closure: Policies, practises and guidelines for sustainable mining and closure of mines

Table 2 Pathways to influence important Stakeholders: The PMA

Influencing measure typology

Description of modality

Manner in which apparently addressed or implied

Coercion

measures involving force or co- ercion such as laws, regulations and so forth measures supplying some form of material or fiscal incentive (and/ or disincentive). These can in- clude subsidies, taxes, tax-breaks, and so forth. measures increasing the capacity of actors to act upon opportuni- ties, understand issues, to physi- cally conduct processes, and so forth.

New legal instruments to overcome historical stumbling blocks

Utilitarian measure

Creative financial mechanisms to release funds from diverse sources

Capacity building

networks to transfer ideas, knowledge and tech- nology promotion of inventive engineering and biological technological solutions

Developing demonstration models Convening & facilitating workshops

Unconventional partnerships – involving both the public and private sectors, and non post-mining regenerators to promote much wider adoption of current good practice in integrated closure optimise engagement between mining sector stakeholders a network to transfer ideas, knowledge and tech- nology globally and deliver action locally Unconventional partnerships – involving both the public and private sectors, and non post-mining regenerators Benchmarking good practice

Normative

measures stimulating evolution of views held regarding what is, socially responsible, acceptable, valid and so forth.

4.2.2 the canadian noami programme

Five groups have been formed since the initiation of NOAMI to address challenges in the following key programme areas:

Information Gathering; Community Involvement; Legislative Barriers to Collaboration; Funding Approaches, and Guidelines to Legislation Review. 74

• • • • •

Significant works are being undertaken in Canada to deal with contaminated mining sites and aban- doned/orphaned mine sites (OAMs in Canadian ter- minology). Tremblay (2005) reports that Canada’s long history in mining has resulted in more than 10 000 orphaned or abandoned sites that require vary- ing degrees of rehabilitation and that the National Orphaned/Abandoned Mines Initiative (NOAMI) was established in 2002 in response to a call from the various Canadian Mines Ministers. 73 It was de- sired that that a multi-stakeholder advisory commit- tee be set-up to study various issues and initiatives concerning the implementation of remediation pro- grams across Canada. NOAMI is now a co-operative programme guided by an Advisory Committee that is sourced from the mining industry, federal/pro- vincial/territorial governments, environmental non- government organizations and First Nations.

The programme has already achieved notable out- puts and NOAMI has completed several studies including a review of funding models and com- munity involvement. Further, work is ongoing with guidelines for jurisdictional legislative reviews with respect to collaboration, liability and funding. The work aims to ensure that approaches across ju- 73. Mining is generally regulated at the provincial level, although the federal Government maintains most of the responsibility for mines in northern Canada (north of the 60th parallel). 74. All reports generated by NOAMI are now available from www. abandoned-mines.org

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MINING FOR CLOSURE