LAKE VICTORIA BASIN

the cost of transport into the Lake Victoria Basin is about twice as much as transporting the same cargo to the coastal zone (Golub and Varma 2014). This reduces economic opportunities and slows down economic growth in the landlocked upper region of the Basin. This situation is, however, projected to change with the ongoing development of regional transport corridors under the auspices of the EAC. Some of the proposed corridors transverse the LVB and will, therefore, be expected to improve trade, investment, agriculture and industrial production, as well as the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources – helping to boost the economy of the Basin. Oil Pipeline Oil imports to the EAC and Lake Victoria Basin States are partly serviced through the pipeline in Kenya, which has two terminal depots at Kisumu and Eldoret. Transport of oil from these depots to western Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo is by both road and water/marine transport. The EAC partner states are considering extending the oil pipeline to Kampala in Uganda, Kigali in Rwanda and to Bujumbura in Burundi in the future. The extension of the pipeline will further support the economic integration of countries in East Africa. As a result of the developing oil industry in Uganda, there are plans to run a pipeline through the LVB into Tanzania and to the port in Dar es Salaam. The pipeline is expected to facilitate the export of oil through the port facilities in Tanzania. Air Transport There are three international airports in the LVB: Entebbe in Uganda, Eldoret in Kenya and Kigali in Rwanda. There are plans to upgrade Kisumu Airport in Kenya and Mwanza Airport in Tanzania to international standards. The growing potential for trade and tourism, are likely to result in more air transport in the basin countries. The Basin has various smaller landing facilities and airstrips: Homa Bay, Kisii and Kericho in Kenya, Mbarara in Uganda, and Bukoba and Musoma inTanzania. These facilities allow regional and national connections that help enhance air travel between themajor towns in the LVB and beyond. The airstrips are largely under-utilized and therefore, the Basin and the region at large need a more vibrant economy to make more efficient use of these facilities.

Transport system

Nile river basin

Mersa Matruh Alexandria

Port Said

Lake Victoria basin

Borg el Arab

Oil/fuel pipeline Lamu corridor Capital city

Cairo

Embaba

Taba

Airport Main deep-sea harbour Lake Victoria port Inland port

El Minya

Hurghada Sharm el Sheikh

M a i n N i l e

EGYPT

Luxor

Trans-African highways Annual Seasonal Inland navigation routes

Aswan

Shark el Oweinat

Paved Non paved

Wadi Halfa

Railways

Operational Non operational

Port Sudan

M a i n N i l e

Dongola

Atbara

ERITREA

Massawa

Khartoum

Asmara

W h i t e N i l e

SUDAN

El Fasher

Kosti

B l u e N i l e

DJIBUTI

Nyala

Renk

Bahar Dar

Djibouti

Malakal

Addis Ababa

Bole

ETHIOPIA

Gambella

Aba Segud

Wau

SOUTH SUDAN

Bor

Juba

Buta Zega

Gulu

Isiro Matari

UGANDA

Bunia

KENYA

Eldoret

Kampala

Kisangani Bangoka

Kisumu

Port Bell

Entebbe

DEMOCRATIC REPUBIC OF THE CONGO

Lake Victoria

Goma

Nairobi

Jomo Kenyatta

Bukoba

Musoma

RWANDA

Kigali

Bukavu Kavumu Kamembe Bujumbura

Lamu

Mwanza

Arusha

Kindu

Malindi

BURUNDI

Kilimanjaro

Moi

TANZANIA

Mombasa

Tanga

Pemba

Dodoma

500 km

Dar es Salam

To Juba

100 km

Lake Victoria basin

UGANDA

Jinja

Northern Corridor

Kampala

KENYA

Main airports Lake Victoria main ports

Port Bell

Kisumu

Nakuru

Main navigation routes

Homa Bay

Mbarara

Bukoba

Nairobi

LakeVictoria

ToKisangani

Ruhengeri RWANDA

Musoma

Nansio

Kibuye

Kigali

To Mombasa

Gitarama Kibungo

Butare

Mwanza

Ngozi

TANZANIA

BURUNDI

Bujumbura

Arusha

Gitega

Source:NileBasin InitiativeSecretariat,2013, “Stateof theRiverNileBasin2012”; StatisticsDepartmentAfrica InfrastructureKnowledgeProgram,2013, “Stateof Infrastructure inEastAfrica”,ChiefEconomistVicePresidencyof theAfricanDevelopmentBank.

ToCentralCorridor

ToCentralCorridor

Copyright©2016GRID-Arendal ·Cartografare ilpresente/NievesLópez Izquierdo

The Kisumu Airport terminal building

Figure 3.4: East Africa’s transport corridors

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