Kick the Habit: A UN Guide to Climate Neutrality

Strategic options for climate change mitigation Global cost curve for greenhouse gas abatement measures

Cost of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 Euros per tonne of CO 2 equivalent avoided per year

Coal-to-gas shift Waste Biodiesel CCS*, coal retrofit

Wind, low penetration

CCS*, new coal

Avoided deforestation in America Industrial motor systems

100

Industrial feedstock substitution

Industrial CCS*

Co-firing biomass

Higher cost abatement Avoided deforestation in Asia

Livestock/soils Nuclear

Cellulose ethanol

CCS* EOR, new coal

Small transit Small hydro

50

Soil

Forestation

Further potential

Forestation

Industrial non-CO 2 Airplane efficiency

5

0

10

15

20

25

30

Abatement beyond “business as usual” by 2030 Thousand million tonnes of CO 2 equivalent per year

Standby losses

Fuel-efficient vehicles Sugarcane biofuels

- 50

Strategies sorted by cost-efficiency Savings Costs

Lighting systems Air conditioning Water heating

This graphic attempts to show 'all in one': the various measures for greenhouse gas reduction with both reduction (in CO 2 equivalent) and cost (in Euros) quantified. Read from left to right it gives the whole range of strategic options ranging from low hanging fruit, such as building insulation, in green (coming with economic savings) to the increasingly higher hanging ones, such as afforestation, wind energy, in red.

-100

Fuel-efficient commercial vehicles

-150

* Carbone Capture and Storage

Source: McKinsey Climate Change Special Initiative, 2007.

Insulation improvements

potential) and the figure is rising by 1.5–2 ppm annually. Reputable scientists believe the Earth’s average temperature should not rise by more than 2°C over pre-industrial levels. Among others, the European Union indicated that this is essential to minimize the risk of what the UN Framework Convention for Climate Change calls dangerous climate change and keep the costs of adapt- ing to a warmer world bearable. Scientists say there is a 50 per cent chance of keeping to 2°C if the total GHG concentration remains below 450 ppm.

Two – conserving natural resources

There is growing evidence of another and quite different threat develop- ing: we may soon run short of the fossil fuels (gas and oil) which keep

KICK THE HABIT INTRODUCTION

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