Green Economy in a Blue World-Full Report

Nutrient reduction tools at different geographic scales Policy/Legal/Regulatory Economic/Financial Institutional

Agricultural extension services which train farmers how to optimize fertilizer use, reduce manure run-off, etc. Extension services which build local capacity for tertiary treatment and nutrient recovery in WWTP operations Creating dedicated nutrient management units (agricultural, waste-water management, industrial) within Agricultural and/or Water Ministries Developing management techniques such as nutrient source/pathway models and strategic scenario modelling Engaging wider national stakeholders (policy makers, farmers, scientists, public) to formulate policy for national reductions Strengthened nutrient management capacity in transboundary river basin institutional frameworks (Secretariat, Working Groups, Expert Advisory Groups, etc.) Developing common management techniques such as nutrient source/ pathway models and strategic scenario modelling – enabling ‘what if ’ options to nutrient mitigation to be explored Global Secretariat for Nutrient Fund and/or economic instrument(s) (tax, cap-and-trade) Fertilizer efficiency knowledge and capacity support units within international fertilizer industry associations

Small grants to local farmers for nutrient management projects Local subsidies to organic vs. manufactured fertilizer to promote increased utilization Local taxes on point source nutrient emissions Local caps on point source nutrient emissions Local subsidies to farmers that promote application of GAP for nutrient management Local subsidies to promote tertiary treatment in WWTPs Local subsidies and other financial incentives to remove barriers to creation of nutrient recovery and reuse businesses Cap and trade on point source nutrient emissions to national rivers (primarily WWTPs and industrial point sources) Cap and trade on non-point source nutrient emissions National tax on fertilizer purchases National taxes on point source nutrient emissions Subsidies to promote tertiary treatment in WWTPs National subsidies to purchases of organic vs. manufactured fertilizer Grants/subsidies to nutrient recovery and reuse schemes from human and livestock waste streams and to promote PPP Guaranteed prices for fertilizer secured from nutrient waste recovery (Feed-In Tariff approach) Economic incentives that promote use of N fixing plants Economic incentives to use timed-release N-fertilizer Climate finance payments to farmers for reducing N2O (a greenhouse gas) releases from fertilizer application Eliminate subsidies to fertilizers that promote excess/ inefficient use Cap and trade on point and non-point source nutrient emissions to transboundary river basins Regional/basin level tax on fertilizer purchases Regional/basin level tax on point source emissions Basin level cap-and-trade on manufactured fertilizer use Regional/basin level subsidies to organic vs. manufactured fertilizer Regional/basin level fund to provide guaranteed prices (Feed-In Tariffs approach) for fertilizer sourced from human & livestock waste streams to promote innovative public-private partnerships and transition to increased nutrient recovery from waste stream Global tax on manufactured fertilizer production Global cap-and-trade on fertilizer production Global Fund for Nutrient Reduction (capitalized by global fertilizer tax or sale of fertilizer production credits) Global fund to provide guaranteed prices (Feed-In Tariffs approach) for fertilizer sourced from human & livestock waste streams to promote innovative public- private partnerships and transition to increased nutrient recovery from waste stream

Local regulations that reduce nutrient pollution (limits fertilizer/ha, manure management requirements, riparian buffer zones, nitrogen vulnerable zones, etc.) Local nutrient management strategies/plans Local Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) requirements / guidance National regulations that reduce nutrient pollution (caps on fertilizer/ha, manure management, agricultural buffer zones, nutrient budgeting, point source emission limits, etc.) National nutrient management strategies/plans National Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) requirements / guidance Protocols to river basin conventions that limit nutrient pollution (point source emission limits, phosphate detergent bans, etc.) Regional/basin level nutrient management strategies/plans Enhanced adoption and implementation of LBA protocols by Regional Seas Conventions/Action Plans (Baltic Sea Convention, Black reduction policy/legislation in regional economic blocks (EU WFD’s Nitrates Directive) Global legal framework on nitrogen management Global nutrient reduction strategy Providing Global Program of Action on Land-Based Activities (GPA/LBA) with a more formal legal basis at global level Sea Convention, etc.) Regional scale nutrient

Local/Municipal/Provincial

in a Blue World

National

Regional

Global

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