Green Economy in a Blue World-Full Report

in a Blue World

Projected annual CO 2 emissions from the shipping sector

Milion tonnes

3 000

A1-B4 B2-1

Emission reduction by Energy E†ciency Operational Indicator Emission reduction by Ship Energy E†ciency Management Plan New emissions after the reduction plans

2 500

Notes: Reduction potential from IMO MARPOL Annex VI measures SCENARIO A1-B4 : high growth, least stringent SEEMP uptake, reference fuel price, high waiver uptake SCENARIO B2-1 : low growth, low SEEMP uptake, reference fuel price and low waiver uptake

2 000

1 500

1 000

500

2010

2013

2020

2030

2040

2050

Source: LLoyd Register, NDV, Assessment of IMO Mandated Energy E ciency Measures for International Shipping .

3.3.2 Regulation of shipping’s CO 2 emissions

widely- enforced and implemented regulations governing the environmental performance of ships, not least the MARPOL Convention, plus specific international instruments to deal with issues such as ballast water management, or the use of ships’ coatings which might cause harm to the environment. Also as mentioned, amendments to MARPOL Annex VI (adopted in 2008) will dramatically reduce atmospheric emissions of air pollutants from internationally trading ships (sulphur, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, etc.) in accordance with an agreed timetable. These standards will be kept up to date with technological developments and concerns with respect to human health and the environment. In this respect, it should be noted that because of IMO’s ‘tacit amendment’ procedure, changes to existing IMO Conventions can be made very quickly, with new requirements typically entering force within about 18 months of their adoption.

In July 2011, international shipping became the first industrial sector to adopt binding international rules for the adoption of technical measures to reduce CO 2 emissions. These technical measures were adopted by IMO as amendments to MARPOL Annex VI which is expected to enter into force in 2013. The package includes a system of energy efficiency design indexing for new ships (similar in concept to the ratings applied to cars and electrical appliances), through the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI). This sets technical standards for improving the energy efficiency of certain categories of new ships which will, in turn, lead to less CO 2 emissions – approximately 25-30 per cent cuts by 2030 compared to Business as Usual. On entry into force internationally, the EEDI will require a minimum energy-efficiency level for different ship types and sizes. It will be applied to the

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