Global Linkages

Climate change

Short-lived climate pollutants

Shemya

PACIFIC OCEAN

Cold Bay

OKHOTSK SEA

BERING SEA

Alaska (USA)

Utqiagvik

BEAUFORT SEA

CANADA

RUSSIA

ARCTIC OCEAN

HUDSON BAY

WESTERN SIBERIA AND USINSK

Alert

Svalbard (Norway)

Greenland (Denmark)

BAFFIN BAY

Ny-Ålesund

Summit

NORWEGIAN SEA

ICELAND

FINLAND

Stórhöfði

NORTH SEA

SWEDEN

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Feroe Islands (Denmark)

NORWAY

Residential emissions (tonnes per year) Black Carbon emissions in 2015

Shipping emissions in 2015 (NO x , CO 2 , SO 2 and PM 2.5 ): average measured concentration per cells of 100 km 2 in tonnes

1,900

Mean evolution in Methane (CH 4 expressed in parts per billion (ppb) for seven monitoring stations in the Arctic (Shemya, Cold Bay, Utqiagvik, Alert, Ny-Ålesund, Summit, and Stórhöfði).

) concentration,

0.01 to 0.05 0.05 to 5

1,850

More than 1 0.1 to 1 0.01 to 0.1

Flaring emissions (tonnes per year)

Long-term methane atmospheric monitoring sites

1,800

0.01 to 0.05 0.05 to 5

Less than 0.01 No emisions or no data

1,750

Main poleward transport routes from lower latitudes

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 1,700

20

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