Deep Sea Minerals - Vol 2 - Manganese Nodules

References

Hein, J.R., Mizell, K.,Spinardi, F. and Conrad,T.A. (2013). Marine ferromanganese deposits as a source of rare metals for high- and green-technology applica- tions: Comparison with land-based deposits. Ore Geology Reviews [in press] ISA (2010). A Geological Model of Polymetallic Nodule Deposits in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Technical Study No. 6, International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica. Wilburn, D.R., (2012), Cobalt mineral exploration and supply from 1995 through 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011–5084, 16 p

Graham I., Ditchburn R. and Zondervan A. (2004). Beryllium isotope dating of ferromanganese nodules and crusts. New Zealand Sci- ence Review 61(2). Hein, J.R. (2012). Prospects for rare earth elements from marine miner- als. Briefing Paper 02/12, International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica. Hein, J.R. and Koschinsky, A. (2013). Deep-ocean ferromanganese crusts and nodules. In The Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 12, (ed. S. Scott), Elsevier.

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