Dead planet, living planet

Ecosystem connectivity and impacts on ecosystem services from human activities

Socio-economic changes for coastal populations

Decreased fisheries, decreased revenues from tourism, and decreased storm buffering

Habitat destruction

Changes in nutrients, sediments and freshwater outputs

Loss of mangrove and seagrass habitat

Increased sedimentation and nutrient imput

Decreased storm buffering and increased coastal erosion

Loss of coral reef habitat

Mangroves

Land

Decreased storm buffering

Coral reef

Y Y Y Y

YY

Y

Seagrasses

Y Y Y

Y Y YYYYYYYYYYY

Y

Offshore waters

Export of fish and invertebrate larvae and adults Storm buffering Export of organic material and

Sediments

Binding sediments

Binding sediments

Absorb inorganic nutrients Slow freshwater discharge

Absorb inorganic nutrients

Nutrients

Freshwater discharge

Export of invertebrate and fish larvae Fish and invertebrate habitat (adult migration) for nearshore and offshore food webs Export of organic material and nutrients

nutrients for nearshore and offshore food webs

Storm buffering

Ecosystem connectivity

Fish and invertebrate habitat

Export of invertebrate and fish larvae Fish and invertebrate habitat (adult migration)

Impacts

Source: WCMC, Framing the Flow, 2010.

Figure 2: Ecosystem connectivity and impacts on ecosystem services from human activities.

environment, food security and disaster mitigation. It also ad- dresses the key financial benefits involved in conservation, eco- system restoration or ultimate loss of ecosystems and their role in sustainable development. This includes not only the com-

plexities of ecological restoration, but also the importance of integrating the multistaker community involved, influencing and influenced by the initial degradation and in the benefits of restoration (Brander et al ., 2006; Granek et al ., 2010).

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