Carbon pools and multiple benefits

Table 2: Changes in Mangrove cover for Central African countries - Cameroon, RoC, DRC and Gabon

Country

Area in year 2000 (km

Loss by clearing (km

% loss by clearing

Gain by regrowth (km

Area in year 2010 (km

Net change 2000-2010 (%)

Cameroon

2060

376

18.2

366

2051

-0.47

Gabon

2030

379

18.7

324

1976

-2.70

RoC

6

2

35.4

2

6

-2.50

DRC

242

15

6.1

11

238

-1.60

Total

4339

771

17.8

703

4271

-1.58

Table 3 – Rates of loss in protected areas (World Database on Protected Areas, UNEP-WCMC 2012)

Country

Mangrove area under protection in 2000

Loss by clearing (km

Gain by regrowth (km

% loss Net change

2000-2010 (%)

Cameroon

1691

38

35 22.4

-1.72

Gabon

779

91

80 11.7

-1.44

RoC

5

2

1 34.6

-0.04

DRC

151

4

4 2.5

+0.03

Total

1104

134

120 12.2

-1.30

The hotspots of deforestation identified from the classified satellite imagery are interesting for this study, as they present themost pressing opportunities for ecological restoration. Using protected area data from the World Database on Protected Areas for the region we can see (Table 2 and 3) that all countries exhibited high rates of loss of mangroves both overall and inside protected areas except for DRC. In Cameroon, high areas of deforestation were recorded in the peri-urban areas around Douala and Bonaberi, with almost complete loss of mangrove stands in many areas and deforestation rates above 90% (Figure 2). Mangrove area within protected areas showed similar patterns of losses and gains to overall rates of loss and gain (Table 3). In DRC, hotspots of deforestation are found at the edge of mangrove forests as shown by Figure 2, where hotspots of deforestation are defined by areas where patch loss is higher than the rest of the country and which are marked as red on the maps. A similar picture is shown in the RoC, with hotspots of deforestation at the edge of mangrove forests and also in some areas of Conkouati-Douli National Park which contains 78% of the country’s mangroves but seems to offer them little protection and exhibits 40-50% deforestation in some areas. In Gabon, deforestation hotspots are found in the peri-urban areas around Libreville, Port Gentil and SetteCama, with over 90% deforestation in some places. 36% of

Gabonese mangroves fall within 12 protected areas, but high deforestation rates also seem to be apparent here in some areas. However, it should be verified when the protected areas were put in place and the trajectory of mangrove cover since the protected areas were actually declared before assessing their effectiveness. High regrowth is also evident in all countries, but the data does not show us the quality and density of the forest and whether the condition of existing patches continues to degrade and become less dense. Overall, the results of the satellite imagery analysis show that the low net loss rates mask the fact that there are areas of very high deforestation, especially around peri-urban areas. They also mask localized deforestation and forest degradation, and thus the data are most useful for identifying the particularly high areas of deforestation for intervention and management.

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