Blue Carbon Financing of Mangrove Conservation in the Abidjan Convention Region: A Feasibility Study

Appendix 1. Summary of financing options for blue carbon conservation

Financing mechanism Brief description

Category

CDM is one of the flexibility mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol (IPCC, 2007) that provides for emissions reduction projects that generate Certified Emission Reduction units which may be traded in emissions trading schemes. The methodology AR-AM0014, entitled ‘Afforestation and reforestation of degraded mangrove habitats’ was written specifically for mangrove ecosystems. Mangroves are not eligible to generate CCOs under this market as of April 2015. Work is under way to develop methodologies similar to or based on the ACR’s wetlands methodology and VCS tidal wetland methodologies. Include VCS, CAR, ACR, RGGI VCS: Tidal Wetland methodology in final stages of development: http://www.v-c-s. org/methodologies/methodology-tidal-wetland-and-seagrass-restoration ACR: Approved methodology for the “Restoration of Degraded Deltaic Wetlands of the Mississippi Delta” Ecotourism (Sri Lanka) - http://www.sltda.lk/sites/default/files/Ecotourism_And_ Mangrove_Conservation_in%20Sri%20Lanka_%20Upali%20Ratnayake.pdf User fees (scuba diving) - http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/how_we_work/ conservation/marine/sustainable_use/sustainable_tourism/tourism_benefits/ The UN-REDD Programme is the United Nations collaborative initiative on Reducing Emissions fromDeforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) in developing countries. The programme was launched in 2008 and builds on the convening role and technical expertise of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The UN-REDD Programme supports nationally-led REDD+ processes and promotes the informed and meaningful involvement of all stakeholders, including indigenous peoples and other forest-dependent communities, in national and international REDD+ implementation. The programme supports national REDD+ readiness efforts in 56 partner countries, spanning Africa, Asia-Pacific and Latin America through: (i) direct support to the design and implementation of UN-REDD National Programmes; and (ii) complementary support to national REDD+ action through common approaches, analyses, methodologies, tools, data and best practices developed through the UN-REDD Global programme. By June 2014, total funding for these two streams of support to countries totalled US$ 195.7 million. http://www.un-redd.org/ Established in 1992, the year of the Rio Earth Summit, the GEF Small Grants Programme embodies the very essence of sustainable development by “thinking globally acting locally”. By providing financial and technical support to projects that conserve and restore the environment while enhancing people’s well-being and livelihoods, SGP demonstrates that community action can maintain the delicate balance between human needs and environmental imperatives. https://sgp.undp.org/ The GEF administers the Trust Fund (GEF TF), which is replenished every four (4) years based on donor pledges that are funded over a four-year period. The funding is made available for activities within the GEF Focal Areas defined during the replenishment discussions. The GEF Trust Fund has received a total of US$ 15.225 billion during its five replenishments. http://www.thegef.org/gef/trust_funds The GEF administers the Least Developed Countries Trust Fund (LDCF). The Trust Fund established under the UNFCCC addresses the special needs of the 51 Least Developed Countries (LDCs) that are especially vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change. The LDCF reduces the vulnerability of sectors and resources that are central to development and livelihoods, such as water, agriculture and food security, health, disaster risk management and prevention, infrastructure and fragile ecosystems. It is also tasked with financing the preparation and implementation of National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPAs). NAPAs use existing information to identify a country’s priorities for adaptation actions. The LDCF is the only existing fund whose mandate is to finance the preparation and implementation of the NAPAs. http://www.thegef.org/gef/trust_funds http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/climatechange/brief/world-bank-carbon-funds-facilities http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/climatechange/brief/world-bank-carbon-funds- facilities

CDM

Carbon finance

Compliance carbon market

Voluntary carbon market

Ecotourism, user fees

Project self- financing

World Bank BioCarbon Fund

Funds

WorldBankForestCarbonPartner- ship Facility – Carbon Fund

UN REDD+ Programme

GEF SGP

GEF TF

GEF LDCF

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