Arctic Biodiversity Trends 2010

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Arctic Biodiversity Trends 2010

J. 2004. Effects of CO2 on marine fish: larvae and adults. J. Oceangr. 60:731-741. 12. Cheung, W.W.L., Lam, V.W.Y. & Pauly, D. (eds.) 2008. Modeling present and climate-shifted distribution of marine fishes and invertebrates. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 16(3).72 pp.

variation in nutrients, pelagic primary production and grazing in a high-Arctic coastal marine ecosystem, Young Sound, Northeast Greenland. Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 179:13-25. 10. Caldeira, K. & Wickett, M. E. 2003. Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH. Nature. 425(6956):365–365. 11. Ishimatsu, A., Kikkawa, T., Hayashi, M., Lee, K.S. & Kita,

INDICATOR #17 Impacts of human activities on benthic habitat

Roberts, J.M. 2004. Cold-water coral reefs. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. 84 pp. 7. Kålås, J.A., Viken, Å. & Bakken, T. (eds.) 2006. Norsk Rødliste 2006 – 2006 Norwegian Red List. Artsdatabanken, Norway. 8. Klitgaard, A.B. & Tendal, O.S. 2004. Distribution and species composition of mass occurrences of large-sized sponges in the northeast Atlantic. Prog. Oceanogr. 61: 57–98. 9. Shester, G. & Ayers, J. 2005. A cost effective approach to protecting deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems with an application to the Alaska’s Aleutian Islands region. In: A. Freiwald and J.M. Roberts (eds.) Cold-water corals and ecosystems. pp. 1151-1169. Springer, Berlin. 10. Kutti, T., Høisæter, T., Rapp, H.T., Humborstad, O.B., Løkkeborg, S. & Nøttestad, L. 2005. Immediate effects of experimental otter trawling on a sub-Arctic benthic assemblage inside Bear Island fishery protection zone in the Barents Sea. In: P.W. Barnes and Thomas, J.P. (eds.) Benthic habitats and the effects of fishing. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 41, pp. 519-528, Bethesda, Maryland. 11. Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA). 2004. Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 140pp. Environments. Seattle: U of Washington Press (1997). 9. Yuzhakov, A.A. 2006. The Aboriginal Nenets Breed of Reindeer (in Russian). Red North Publishers, Salekhard. 10. UralPolit. 2008. UralPolit News Archive (in Russian). ht tp://www.uralpol i t . ru/%20regions/jamal/28%20 %E2%80%93%2006-2007/page [Accessed 18 November 2009]. 11. Forbes, B.C. & Stammler, F. 2009. Arctic climate change discourse: the contrasting politics of research agendas in the West and Russia. Polar Res. 28: 28–42. 12. Moen, J.,&Danell,Ö. 2003.Reindeer intheSwedishmountains: an assessment of grazing impacts. Ambio. 32:397-402. 13. Müller-Wille, L., Hukkinen, J., Müller, F., Bölter, M. & Forbes, B.C. 2006. Synthesis: environmental and socio- political conditions for modern reindeer management in Europe’s North. In: Forbes, B.C., M. Bölter, L. Müller-Wille, J. Hukkinen, F. Müller, N. Gunslay, and Y. Konstantinov (eds.) Reindeer management in northernmost Europe: linking practical and scientific knowledge in social- ecological systems. Ecological Studies 184. Springer, Berlin. 14. Helle, T. & Kojola, I. 2006. Population trends of semi- domesticated reindeer in Fennoscandia – evaluation of explanations. In: Forbes, B.C., M. Bölter, L. Müller-Wille, J. Hukkinen, F. Müller, N. Gunslay, and Y. Konstantinov (eds.) Reindeer management in northernmost Europe: linking practical and scientific knowledge in social-ecological systems. Ecological Studies 184. Springer, Berlin. 15. Mysterud, A. 2006. The concept of overgrazing and its role in management of large herbivores. Wildl. Biol. 12:129-141.

1. Stone, R.P. 2006. Coral habitats in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska: depth distribution, fine-scale species associations, and fisheries interactions. Coral Reefs 25: 229-238. 2. Mortensen, P.B. & Fosså, J.H. 2006. Species diversity and spatial distribution of invertebrates on Lophelia reefs in Norway. Proceedings of the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium,1849-1868. Okinawa, Japan. 3. Guijarro Garcia, E., Ragnarsson, S.Á., Steingrímsson, S.A., Nævestad, D., Haraldsson, H.Þ., Fosså, J.H., Tendal, O.S. & Eiríksson, H. 2006. Bottom trawling and dredging in the Arctic. Impacts of fishing on target and non-target species, vulnerable habitats and cultural heritage. TemaNord. 2006:529, 375 pp. 4. Fosså, J.H., Mortensen., P.B. & Furevik, D.M. 2002. The deep-water coral Lophelia pertusa in Norwegian waters; distribution and fishery impacts. Hydrobiologia. 417:1-12. 5. Stone, R.P. & Shotwell, S.K. 2007. State of the Deep Coral Ecosystems in the Alaska Region: Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands. In: S.E. Lumsden, T.F. Hourigan, A.W. Bruckner, & G. Dorr (eds.) The State of Deep Coral Ecosystems of the United States. NOAA Technical Memorandum CRCP-3, pp. 65-108. Silver Spring MD,. 6. Freiwald, A., Fosså, J.H., Grehan, A., Koslow T. & 1. Jernsletten, J.-L. & Klokov, K. 2002. Sustainable reindeer husbandry. Arctic Council/Centre for Saami Studies, Tromsø. 2. Stammler, F. 2005. Reindeer nomads meet the market: culture, property and globalization at the ‘End of the land’. Lit Verlag, Münster. 3. Forbes, B.C., Bölter, M., Müller-Wille, L., Hukkinen, J., Müller, F., Gunslay, N. & Konstantinov, Y. (eds.) 2006. Reindeer management in northernmost Europe: linking practical and scientific knowledge in social-ecological systems. Ecological Studies 184. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 4. Podkorytov, F.M. 1995. Reindeer herding on Yamal (in Russian). Leningradskoi Atomoi Electrostantsii, Sosnovyi Bor. 5. Fox, J. 1998. Finnmarksvidda: reindeer carrying capacity and exploitation in a changing pastoral ecosystem - a range ecology perspective on the reindeer ecosystem in Finnmark. In: S. Jentoft (ed.) Commons in cold climate: coastal fisheries and reindeer pastoralism in north Norway. Parthenon Publishers, Paris. pp. 17-39. 6. Baskin, L.M. 2005. Number of wild and domestic reindeer in Russia in the late 20th century. Rangifer. 25(1):51-57. 7. Kumpula, J. 2001. Productivity of the semi-domesticated reindeer ( Rangifer t. tarandus L.) stock and carrying capacity of pastures in Finland during 1960-1990´s. Acta Universitatis Ouluensis A375. University of Oulu, Oulu. 8. Beach, H. 1997 Negotiating nature in Swedish Lapland: ecology and economics of Saami reindeer management. In: A. Smith and J. McCarter (eds.) Contested Arctic: Indigenous Peoples, Nation States, and Circumpolar INDICATOR #18 Reindeer herding