Arctic Biodiversity Trends 2010

First page Table of contents Next page Last page

Introduction	8
Key findings	12
Emerging issues and challenges	15
Indicators at a glance	17
Species	26
INDICATOR #01 Polar bears	26
INDICATOR #02 Wild reindeer and caribou	29
INDICATOR #03 Shorebirds – red knot	32
INDICATOR #04 Seabirds – murres (guillemots)	35
INDICATOR #05 Seabirds – common eiders	38
INDICATOR #06 Arctic char	41
INDICATOR #07 Invasive species (human-induced)	45
INDICATOR #08 The Arctic Species Trend Index	49
INDICATOR #09 Arctic genetic diversity	53
Ecosystems	58
INDICATOR #10 Arctic sea-ice ecosystem	58
INDICATOR #11 62 Greening of the Arctic	62
INDICATOR #12 Reproductive phenology in terrestrial ecosystems	65
INDICATOR #13 Appearing and disappearing lakes in the Arctic and their impacts on biodiversity	68
INDICATOR #14 Arctic peatlands	71
INDICATOR #15 Effects of decreased freshwater ice cover duration on biodiversity	75
INDICATOR #16 Changing distribution of marine fish	78
INDICATOR #17 Impacts of human activities on benthic habitat	81
Ecosystem services	86
INDICATOR #18 Reindeer herding	86
INDICATOR #19 Seabird harvest	89
INDICATOR #20 Changes in harvest	92
INDICATOR #21 Changes in protected areas	96
INDICATOR #22 Linguistic diversity	99
References	103
Abbreviations	121

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