Adaptation Actions for a Changing Arctic: Perspectives from the Barents Area

19

Chapter 2 ยท Status of the natural and human environments

Table 2.1 Residency status, population trend, expected impacts of climate change, and hunting status for marine mammals in the Barents Sea region.

Species

Population trend

Cumulative climate change impact

Hunting status

Year-round resident, Arctic endemic Polar bear Ursus maritimus

Negative

Protected

Stable a

Walrus Odobenus rosmarus

Increasing

Negative

Protected

Ringed seal Pusa hispida

Decreasing

Negative

Sport hunting permitted

Bearded seal Erignathus barbatus Bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus White whale (beluga) Delphinapterus leucas Narwhal Monodon monoceros

Decreasing

Negative

Sport hunting permitted

Unknown

Negative

Protected

Red Listed (Data deficient)

Negative

Protected

Red Listed (Data deficient)

Negative

Protected

Year-round resident, pack-ice breeder Harp seal Pagophilus groenlandicus

Increasing (due to reduced hunting pressure)

Negative

Commercially harvested

Hooded seal Cystophora cristata

Decreasing

Negative

Protected

Year-round resident, coastal breeder Grey seal Halichoerus grypus

Dependent on hunting pressure

Positive

Sport hunting permitted

Harbour seal Phoca vitulina

Dependent on hunting pressure on mainland Protected in Svalbard (Increasing)

Positive

Sport hunting permitted on mainland Protected

Year-round resident White-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris

Data deficient

-

Protected

Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena

(by-catch issue)

Positive

Protected

Seasonal migrant Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Protected

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Protected

Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Protected

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Commercially harvested

Killer whale Orcinus orca

Data deficient

Positive

Protected

Northern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus Long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Seasonal migrant (still rare) Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis

Data deficient

Positive

Protected

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Protected

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Protected

Increasing/northward distribution shift

Positive

Protected

Summer vagrant

Common dolphin Delphinus delphis Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus

-

-

Protected

-

-

Protected

White-sided dolphin Lagenorhynchus acutus

-

-

Protected

a New data confirm that the Barents Sea polar bear population has remained stable over the past decade (Aass et al., 2017).

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